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Description :

　　In recent years, with the increasing scale of foundation pit construction, the requirements for stability and safety in foundation pit construction have also become higher. Therefore, the requirements for monitoring the safety and stability of foundation pit engineering are becoming increasingly high. The monitoring content of foundation pit engineering includes two parts: geometric monitoring and physical and mechanical monitoring. In the standards, the requirements for monitoring accuracy are mostly focused on geometric monitoring items, and the provisions for accuracy indicators are more detailed and specific, with clear quantification, which facilitates consideration of the selection of monitoring schemes, instrument settings, and operating methods. For some physical and mechanical monitoring projects, only the accuracy and resolution indicators of the testing instruments or equipment are specified, and there is a lack of refined regulations on the operation methods and requirements. This makes it difficult to consider the monitoring plan and operational methods for physical mechanics, as well as the assessment of results. Therefore, the construction monitoring plan for foundation pit engineering tends to focus more on geometric monitoring, while neglecting physical and mechanical monitoring. This article explores the above-mentioned issues for reference.

　　The monitoring accuracy of displacement and anti uplift at the top of the retaining structure and surrounding environment of the foundation pit engineering should be determined based on the safety level of the foundation pit engineering, the scale, depth, surrounding geological conditions, and structural form of the retaining structure, combined with the warning value requirements of each monitoring project. The specific basic accuracy requirements have been clearly defined. But after determining the monitoring accuracy requirements, necessary estimates should be made according to the basic accuracy requirements to select instruments that meet the corresponding accuracy requirements and ensure the operation methods that achieve the corresponding accuracy. The homework method and accuracy for each period must be the same, and the observation time during each period should be as short as possible to ensure consistency in accuracy of the observed data within one cycle, so that the observed data has a certain degree of reliability and comparability.

　　Processing of monitoring data

　　1. Sorting of monitoring results data

　　After each observation cycle, the observation data should be promptly organized, calculated (converted), and recorded, and relevant charts and graphs should be provided. For each monitoring item within each monitoring unit (section) of the foundation pit, the following results should be provided: 1) Record table of each observation data result (displacement, settlement, inclination, groundwater level, stress, etc.). 2) Actual layout of monitoring points for various surrounding sites (above and below ground), buildings (structures), roads, underground facilities, and supporting structures within the scope of excavation of foundation pits. 3) The variation curve of various displacements of each monitoring unit with time, excavation depth, and distance relationship. 4) The rate of change of various displacements with time and excavation depth. 5) Specific results or charts that need to be provided according to the requirements of the construction party, design and construction supervision party.

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