Hengyang Observation Standard Embedded Settlement Observation Standard Concealed Settlement Observation Point

Description :

　　Hengyang Observation Standard Embedded Settlement Observation Standard Concealed Settlement Observation Point

　　The role of settlement observation points: By continuously or periodically observing the settlement observation points of buildings, the settlement amount and change trend of the settlement observation points are determined, the settlement deformation rate and final settlement amount of buildings are analyzed, and the prevention measures and plans for building settlement are reasonably determined and adjusted to ensure the safety of the building during operation.

　　Signs of settlement observation points

　　The requirement for settlement observation points is to be buried in a location that best reflects the settlement characteristics and is easy to observe in order to accurately reflect the settlement situation of the building. It is generally required that the settlement observation points set up on buildings should be symmetrical in the longitudinal and transverse directions, and the spacing between adjacent points should be 15-30 meters, evenly distributed around the building. The specific deployment requirements can refer to the article on the principles of settlement observation point deployment.

　　As for the elevation, it depends on what you want to observe. Generally speaking, there are no strict regulations, but in reality, the lower the elevation point, the more realistic the situation is, that is to say, based on the foundation. However, settlement observation is a long-term process that may become inconvenient in the future when backfilling or other structures are present, so elevation observation points are usually located on the first floor of the building.

　　Settlement observation process

　　After the foundation slab, the basement floor should be measured once. During the construction of the main structure, measurements should be taken every two floors, the interior walls should be measured once, the exterior decoration should be measured once, and measurements should be taken once upon completion. Measurements should be taken annually, usually once a year, and every two years after three years. For specific details, please refer to the observation period of settlement observation in this article

　　Settlement observation refers to the observation of the settlement degree based on the observation points set up by the building and the fixed (ground level) measurement points. The degree of settlement is expressed in data. For buildings and structures with three or more floors and design requirements, settlement observation should be set up for manual work, soil foundation (sand foundation), etc. During construction, observation and recording should be carried out on schedule or according to the progress of each layer until completion.

　　With the development of industrial and civil construction industries, various complex and large-scale engineering buildings are increasing. The construction of engineering buildings changes the original state of the ground and exerts certain pressure on the foundation of the building, which inevitably causes deformation of the foundation and surrounding strata. In order to ensure the normal service life and safety of buildings, and to provide reliable data and corresponding settlement parameters for future survey, design, and construction, the necessity and importance of building settlement observation have become increasingly apparent.

　　The current regulations also stipulate that settlement observations must be conducted on high-rise buildings, towering structures, important ancient buildings, foundations of continuous production facilities, foundations of power equipment, landslide monitoring, etc. Especially in the construction process of high-rise buildings, settlement observation should be applied to strengthen process monitoring, guide reasonable construction procedures, prevent uneven settlement during the construction process, provide timely feedback information, and provide detailed first-hand information for the survey, design, and construction departments to avoid damage to the main structure of the building or cracks that affect the functional use of the structure caused by differential settlement, resulting in huge economic losses.

　　Building cracks caused by differential settlement

　　To summarize, we use settlement observation points to reflect the trend of changes in buildings during construction, in order to forecast or adjust construction plans to ensure the normal operation of construction.

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