Hunan Changsha Observation Standard Foundation Pit Settlement Monitoring Point Protection Cover Protection Box Manufacturer

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　　Hunan Changsha Observation Standard Foundation Pit Settlement Monitoring Point Protection Cover Protection Box Manufacturer

　　1. Horizontal displacement observation, foundation pit monitoring, and slope monitoring are usually multi period monitoring, so it is necessary to set displacement reference points. In order to reliably analyze the stability of the reference points, a certain number of reference points should be required. Due to the limitations of the on-site environment and visibility conditions, when using the sight line method and small angle method for displacement observation, stable directional markers are generally selected as directional benchmarks. Wind induced deformation observation, sunshine induced deformation observation, and structural health monitoring are generally carried out continuously and automatically using satellite positioning measurement technology at reference points. To ensure the reliability of the results, it is necessary to specify that there should be no less than 2 reference points. However, building tilt observation, deflection observation, convergence deformation observation, and crack observation are all used to measure the relative deformation of the building itself, so displacement reference points can be omitted.

　　The main purpose of setting the work base point is to facilitate displacement observation in each period. The location and quantity can be determined according to the site conditions and operational needs.

　　3. Section 5 of this specification Section 1 stipulates that the displacement reference point should be selected in a stable and reliable location, while the working reference point should be selected in a relatively stable location that is convenient for measuring monitoring points. Due to the need to install measuring instruments, antennas, or specialized sighting markers at these points, there should be a certain amount of working space and conditions around them.

　　4. Figures 19 to 21 show several styles of observation piers and gravity balance ball sighting markers. For deeply buried markers used as displacement reference points, markers and signs that also serve as settlement reference points, as well as markers and signs in special land areas or with special requirements for burial, separate designs are required. The relevant regulations on standards and specifications for geodetic surveying, satellite positioning surveying, engineering surveying, urban surveying, etc. can also be referred to

　　There are many measurement methods for displacement reference points, and the applicability of each method is not consistent. Chapter 4 of this specification specifies the technical requirements for the main methods of operation. For specific deformation measurement projects, it is necessary to make necessary accuracy estimates based on on-site operating conditions, reference point network structure, and the performance characteristics of the instruments and equipment used, and select appropriate operating methods to meet the required accuracy requirements.

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